Totally! I saw a documentary about how they study old Viking swords. Sometimes the ones that failed or broke show the layers of metal they used, which a finished sword hides. You can see exactly how they folded and welded different iron pieces together, something called pattern-welding. A perfect sword just looks like a solid piece, but a flawed one tells you the whole recipe.
That's wild how much you can learn from a single broken piece. The way they shaped the metal tells you more about their skill than a perfect tool ever could.